International journal of engineering research and general. Discusses the principles of magnetic levitation presented in the physics classroom and. Maglev trains were conceptualized during the early 1900s by american professor and inventor robert goddard and frenchborn american engineer emile bachelet and have been. This signal is fed back through a levitation constant that is defined by properties of the levitation halbach array and the track design. Magnetic levitation maglev is a system of train transportation that uses two sets of magnets, one set to repel and push the train up off the track as in levitation, then another set to move the floating train ahead at great speed taking advant. Magnetic levitation and related systems twin goalsto relieve air and ground traffic congestion and to be technologically competitive in transportationhave prompted considerable interest in the united states in highspeed ground transportation alternatives.
Thus the magnetic field of the electromagnet is in the opposite direction, the attractive force becomes a repulsive force, and the propulsion cycle continues. Principle of propulsion make the train of pine wood and stick themagnets on them also in the same way and maintain equal distance. Thus in this paper design and working principle of the magnetic levitation assisted tol is being purposed using hammock concept. The detailed working of maglev train is shown in the figure below. The first to overcome the limitation of wheel and rail, because the rail moves entirely without contact. T railway technology today 12 edited by kanji wako magnetic. Maglev train, also called magnetic levitation train or maglev, a floating vehicle for land transportation that is supported by either electromagnetic attraction or repulsion. Magnetic levitation is a process by which a magnet over a piece of a metal causes electrical current to flow in the metal that, in turn, produce forces that push the magnet upward.
Between the train and the rails there is magnetic repulsion bound by two transparent plates attached to the train. We can use of it in industrial purpose as well as in office and homelike as the fan in buildings, transportation, weapongun, rocketry, nuclear reactor, use of elevator in civil. This increases efficiency, reduces maintenance costs, and increases the useful life of the system. Since the invention of steampowered trains in the 1800s, trains have been the domain of mechanical engineers. Magnetic levitation principles introduction magnetic fields are used to describe forces at a distance from electric currents. Simple magnetic levitation train seminar reportpdf ppt download the answer to this transportation problem lies in the world of electro magnetism and superconducting magnets. To create levitation, a magnetic repulsion force is used to counteract the force of gravity. The levitation can be designed by analyzing the halbach array, and the inductrack method. Maglevshort for magnetic levitationtrains can trace their roots to. The most spectacular applications of this would be maglev trains.
Electromagnets along the guideway beams and magnets underneath the train allow for repulsions and attractions, which move the train along the track. The term is also used to describe the beam of the system, or the trains traveling on such a beam or track. A separate study of the maglev transportation option, combining regional. Magnetic levitation maglev is an innovative transportation technology. From their initial design, maglev systems working with attraction. Magnetic levitation maglev or magnetic suspension is a method by which an object is suspended with no support other than magnetic fields. The right magnetic material must be used to achieve levitation. In magnetic levitation maglev, also known as magnetic suspension, this basic principle is used to suspend or levitate vehicles weighing 40 tons or more by generating a controlled magnetic force. Magnetic levitation methods and modeling in maglev trains 1shweta singh, 2aradhana singh.
The project concentrated on the levitation system of the maglev train. The term originates from joining mono meaning one and rail meaning rail from 1897, possibly from german engineer eugen langen, who called an elevated. Electromagnets and superconducting magnets have allowed us to create a magnetic levitation train nicknamed maglev that floats on the track instead of being directly on it. Magnetic levitation trains are becoming a popular transportation topic all around the globe. Electromagnets are distributed along the guideway in matched pairs. The concept of magnetically levitated or maglev trains is of very. Maglevs use magnetic forceslike poles repel each other, and opposite poles attractto lift, propel, and guide a vehicle over a track. In the past, magnetic levitation was attempted by using permanent magnets. Nov 26, 2006 maglev trains are the fastest trains in the world. The coaches of the train do not slide over steel rails but float on a four inch air cushion above the track using meissner effect of super conducting magnets. Magnetic levitation is the use of magnetic fields to levitate a usually metallic object. Magnetic force is used to counteract the effects of the gravitational acceleration and any other accelerations the two primary issues involved in magnetic levitation are lifting forces. Manipulating magnetic fields and controlling their forces can levitate an object. Maglev short for magnetic levitation trains can trace their roots to technology pioneered at brookhaven national laboratory.
Magnetism in elementary science simply states that like poles repel and opposites attract. Jun 14, 2016 it could be possible on a maglev train. These trains float over guideways using the basic principles of magnets to. Magnetic levitation is a way of using electromagnetic fields to levitate objects without any noise. Levitation means to rise or float in the air especially in seeming defiance of gravity. Instead of using fossil fuels, the magnetic field created by the electrified coils in the. T railway technology today 12 edited by kanji wako. The idea has been around since 1904 when robert goddard, an american rocket scientist, created a. The term originates from joining mono meaning one and rail meaning rail from 1897, possibly from german engineer eugen langen, who called an elevated railway system with wagons suspended the eugen.
Download the seminar report for magnetic levitation. The magnetic levitation technology can be used as an efficient technology in. Measurements of the magnetic field, at ground level directly under the standard 8mhigh elevated guideway show a magnetic field of only 0. The maglev transportation system is more stable, faster, economic, efficient. The aim of the study was to assess the interobserver variability of the manual. Magnetic levitation system the following figure shows the cross section of a magnetic levitation maglev train. The train will be propelled to move by the guide way itself. The maglev train isnt like an ordinary train that one would see driving throughout the united states carrying coal, cargo, and much more. The big difference between a maglev train and a conventional train is that maglev trains do not have an engine at least not the kind of engine used to pull typical train cars along steel tracks. Using principles of magnetism to float in the air against gravity is called magnetic levitation. Maglev is short for magnetic levitation which basic principles involve the use of magnetism to levitate an object. Bababe 2 1 department of elect rical and electronics enginee ring, university of maiduguri, bo rno state nigeria. Simple magnetic levitation train seminar reportpdf ppt. The line is the fastest operational highspeed maglev train, designed to.
P a g e 1 magnetic levitation train a seminar report submitted in the partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the degree of bachelor of technology in electrical engineering by anuj bansal reg. The magnetic attraction of the vertically paired magnets balances the force of gravity and levitates the vehicle above the guideway. The common point in all applications is the lack of contact and thus no wear and friction. The further a maglev train gets from its normal position between the guideway walls, the stronger the magnetic force pushing it back into place becomes. Abstract for safe, efficient landing and takeoff of aircraft in future magnetic levitation assisted tol could turn out to be best alternative to conventional landing gear system. The main resources used were documents written by dr. Magnetic levitation is used in a new generation of train that will have cruising speeds. Maglev is a method of propulsion that uses magnetic levitation to propel vehicles with magnets rather. Keywords magnetic levitation, model of magnetic levitation, modeling of magnetic levitation system. Maglev is a system of transportation that suspends, guides and propels vehicles, predominantly trains, using magnetic levitation from a very large number of magnets for lift and propulsion. Magnetic levitation has a very advanced and efficient technology. Kishan bhushan sahay submitted in department of electrical engineering madan mohan malaviya.
This core feature is whats most exciting to jesse powell. In this process an object is suspended above another with no other support but magnetic fields. Maglev, a floating vehicle for land transportation that is supported by either electromagnetic attraction or repulsion. Maglev railway technical research institute transrapid urban maglev shanghai maglev train how stuff works article. In it, railroading technology will away with moving components, permitting vehicles to maneuver additional swimmingly and more. Maglev derived from magnetic levitation is a system of train transportation that uses two sets. Presents an activity that explores the operation of maglev trains. First, the trains velocity induces a current in the track. They can also travel faster due to lower friction between the train and the rails. James powell and gordon danby of brookhaven received the first patent for a magnetically levitated train design in the late 1960s. Magnetic levitation train maglev engineering seminar topics. They just need a magnetic rail on the ground and a like magnetic rail on the train cars. Similarly, traditional train derailments that occur because of cornering too quickly cant happen with maglev. This is a wonderful topic for your mechanical engineering seminar as well as project if you dare to make a working model.
The concept of magnetically levitated or maglev trains is of very much interesting. Along certain mediumrange routes usually 320 to 640 km 200 to 400 mi, maglev can compete favorably with highspeed rail and airplanes. The name maglev is derived from magnetic levitation. The train is propelled by the changing in magnetic fields. Tracks the term maglev refers not only to the vehicles, but to the railway system as well, specifically designed for magnetic levitation and propulsion. Jan 31, 2016 the operation is not exactly the same as the real maglev but a little like us. If youve ever played with magnets, you know that opposite poles attract and like poles repel each other. Each implementation of the magnetic levitation principle for train type travel. Maglev derived from maglev could be a conveyance technology that uses magnetic levitation to move vehicles while not creating contact with the bottom or an electrical pickup. Thus, there is no need of any engine inside he train. A second train set was completed at the end of 1997, making it possible to conduct various tests with two trains.
The train has a superconducting magnet built into the base of the carriages. Magnetic levitation methods and modeling in maglev trains. The first levitating passenger train operated in hamburg, germany in 1979, although only permanent magnets were used. In principle, maglev vehicles may have a variety of applications, ranging from. Instead of using fossil fuels, the magnetic field created by the electrified coils in the guideway walls and the track combine to propel the train. Since then, japans shinkansen network has expanded considerably, and its success has prompted rapid development of highspeed railways in other countries as well, especially in the west. The idea has been around since 1904 when robert goddard, an american rocket scientist, created a theory that trains could be lifted off the tracks by the use of electromagnetic rails. The operation is not exactly the same as the real maglev but a little like us. Kishan bhushan sahay submitted in department of electrical engineering madan. To know how maglev trains stop, you must know how they go. The train will be floating about 10mm above the magnetic guiding track. This method has the potential to be faster, quieter and smoother than wheeled mass transit systems.
It employs diamagnetism, which is an intrinsic property of many materials referring to their ability to temporarily expel a portion of an external magnetic field. Back in 1979 the germans developed the 1 st magnetic levitation maglev train. Magnetic levitation maglev technologies the tokaido shinkansen began operations in 1964 and was an immediate success. It is sometimes said to be the first fundamental innovation in the field of railroad technology since the invention of the railway. Magnetic levitation is a highly advanced technology. Magnetic levitation train mechanical engineering projects. These principles govern the levitation of maglev trains.
This is to certify that the work in the thesis entitled controller design for magnetic levitation system by abhishek nayak is a record of an original research work carried out by him under my supervision and guidance in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the. If magnetic repulsion is used, it is known as magnetic levitation. The ridership levels enjoyed by highspeed rail systemsl in france and japan and. A high speed maglev train uses noncontact magnetic levitation, guidance and propulsion systems and has no. The engine for maglev trains is rather inconspicuous. Mechanical engineers were responsible for designing the key components of a train, including the engine, axles, and wheels. Maglev systems are currently in use for applications such as bearings, highspeed trains, and manufacturing. This current then induces a magnetic field that levitates the train. Safety of high speed magnetic levitation transportation.
Maglev, which stands for magnetic levitation, is a system of transportation that levitates, guides, and propels trains, with magnetism. Research since the inductrack method is new, there is little information available. If the force is large enough, the moving magnet can levitated. A monorail is a railway in which the track consists of a single rail or a beam. All operational implementations of maglev technology make minimal use of wheeled train technology and are not compatible with conventional rail tracks. Magnetic levitation methods and modeling in maglev trains shweta singh aset, amity university. Maglev derived from magnetic levitation is a system of train transportation that uses two sets of magnets, one set to repel and push the train up off the track, and another set to move the elevated train ahead, taking advantage of the lack of friction. Magnetic levitation is the process of levitating an object by exploiting magnetic fields. This paper involves the design, hardware, technology, application and future uses of magnetic levitation trains.
If the magnetic force of attraction is used, it is known as magnetic suspension. As a result, diamagnetic materials are repelled by strong magnetic fields. Maglev magnetic levitation train magnetic games youtube. It is a train that doesnt have to run off of regular fossil fuels like other trains, the energy can be obtained from other sources. Magnetic force is used to counteract the effects of the gravitational acceleration and any other accelerations. This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of.
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